Infection with intestinal forms of worms is the most common type of parasitic diseases. There is an opinion that in one way or another more than 90% of the world's population is infected with helminths, although this point of view has not received scientific confirmation. Mostly, helminthiases affect children who ignore the basic rules of personal hygiene. However, the presence of parasitic worms in the intestines of adults is not uncommon.
Symptoms and signs of infection.
In modern medicine, there are certain ideas about what symptoms indicate a helminthic lesion. However, in reality, the clinical picture of helminthiases is extremely rare in its full form. Much more often, the disease is latent and its signs are not specific enough to be associated with worms.
The pathological influence of worms is due to several mechanisms:
- mechanical damage to the intestinal walls;
- toxic effect of parasite waste products;
- the absorption of part of the substances necessary for the human body that accompany food;
- blockage of the hepatic ducts, intestinal lumen (lumps of worms).
As a rule, helminths do not accumulate in lumps and are located longitudinally in the intestinal lumen. Acute intestinal obstruction develops only with improper treatment, when alarmed, but not destroyed parasites begin to actively move, entangle and form volumetric complexes from their own bodies.
Helminthiases have the following set of symptoms:
- nausea;
- soft spot;
- dizziness;
- threw up;
- headache;
- Diarrhea;
- weightloss;
- itching in the anus;
- regional lymphadenitis;
- joint pain;
- occult blood in feces;
- signs of inflammation in the small intestine;
- abdominal pain.
Some types of helminths can affect the bladder and cause hematuria (blood in the urine), penetrate the liver, lungs, muscles and brain. When the lungs are affected, the patient has a debilitating cough, sometimes the sputum is separated with an admixture of blood.
Worms in children usually lead to a decrease in growth and mental development, make the child nervous and restless. Pinworms that leave the anus to lay eggs cause severe itching at night and in the evening (the period of greatest activity of the worms).
types of parasites
In the human body, 3 main types of worms parasitize: round, ribbon and flat.
round worms
The most prominent representatives of the parasite species are pinworms and roundworms. Infection with these helminths accounts for 80% of cases of all helminthiasis found on the territory of the countries of the former CIS.
These worms are of different sexes, have relatively small body sizes (from 1-2 to several tens of centimeters), infection occurs via the fecal-oral route.
you had
They are the largest of all parasitic worms. The most famous representatives of the group - porcine and bovine tapeworms - can reach a length of 10-15 meters.
Reproduction of parasites occurs without the participation of the second individual. The eggs are excreted into the environment with the patient's feces.
flatworms
Small representatives of helminths, living, as a rule, in the bile and liver ducts.
Residents of endemic areas may not have any symptoms of the disease for many years. In the case of infection of a person who has not had contact with the parasite in the past, they lead to serious liver disease. It can cause hepatitis, manifestations of gallstone disease and other symptoms.
echinococcus
Echinococcus is the only tapeworm that uses humans as an intermediate host.
In this case, the larvae of the parasite enter the bloodstream, spread throughout the body and settle in the tissues, after which they begin to grow. Echinococcus cysts form. In this case, tablets from worms for humans or animals are practically useless. The Finns are promptly eliminated.
Tablets from worms for adults.
The vast majority of today's popular anthelmintic drugs are created on the basis of one of three main substances: mebendazole, albendazole or levamisole.
based on mebendazole
Broad-spectrum drugs that are prescribed to patients suffering from enterobiasis, ascariasis, hookworm, trichuriasis, taeniasis, echinococcosis and other helminthic invasions.
Side effects include:
- nausea;
- Stomach ache;
- vomiting;
- headache;
- an increase in the amount of liver enzymes in the blood.
Contraindicated for pregnant and lactating women, children under 2 years of age, people suffering from liver diseases and alcohol addiction (during excessive alcohol consumption). A laxative is not prescribed when prescribing these funds.
based on albendazole
Means have a wide spectrum of action, allow you to achieve a therapeutic effect in ascariasis, enterobiasis, tape infection and flat parasites. It is used to treat echinococcosis when surgical treatment is not possible.
Medicines are contraindicated in pregnancy, lactation, young children, with pathology of the retina and non-helminthic lesions of the liver. Side effects include nausea, vomiting, and other signs of a toxic syndrome, which are characteristic of almost all anthelmintic drugs.
based on levamisole
It is most effective when infected with pinworms and roundworms. In other diseases of a helminthic nature, they also have the necessary effect, however, treatment may require a longer course than when using analogs.
The drugs have immunostimulating properties and can be used as such in moderate immunodeficiencies.
Means based on levamisole are contraindicated in the following conditions:
- the pregnancy;
- lactation;
- childhood;
- alcoholism in the drunken stage;
- liver disease;
- agranulocytosis.
Levamisole and its derivatives during long-term treatment can cause agranulocytosis, nausea, vomiting, depression, dermatitis, anorexia.
Tablets and suspensions for children.
As a rule, the treatment of helminthiases in children older than 3-4 years can be carried out with the same drugs that are prescribed for adults. In this case, the dose of the drug should be adjusted according to the age of the child.
You should keep in mind that for ease of administration, suspension can be done with any tablet agent. To do this, the required amount of the drug is crushed to a powder state, added to the required amount of drinking water and mixed well.
Self-prepared suspensions cannot be dosed in the same way that factory dosage forms are dosed. The required amount of the drug is measured before preparing the suspension!
Folk recipes for worms.
Answering questions about how to expel worms from a child or an adult, one cannot fail to mention folk methods of treatment.
Pumpkin seeds
Pumpkin seeds contain cucurbitin, a substance that has an adverse effect on worms. The tool is effective in almost any intestinal helminthiasis. Some sources claim that the action of cucurbitin extends to extraintestinal helminths.
Pumpkin seeds should only be eaten raw. Heat treatment destroys the active substances they contain. Also, it is not recommended to remove the shell. It is better if the seeds are crushed in a blender together with the husk. For ease of use, the mass can be poured with milk.
Carrot
It is not necessary to use carrots as an independent remedy for the treatment of helminthiasis, since it does not have sufficient efficacy for it. However, as a means of prevention, as well as as an auxiliary substance in the presence of basic therapy, carrots are quite suitable.
You can use carrots in any form that does not require heat treatment. It is best if the dishes, which include a vegetable, contain pepper or hot spices (Korean-style carrots). The plant is given to children in a pure and purified form.
Linen
You can remove worms from the intestines with ordinary or black linen. Flax seeds can be used crushed and mixed with cinnamon. However, it is better if they are used as an infusion. For its preparation 1-2 tbsp. Tablespoons of seeds crushed in a blender are poured with a glass of boiling water and left to infuse. After a few hours, the composition must be filtered and taken 100 ml twice a day on an empty stomach. The course of treatment is until such time that parasite eggs are no longer found in the feces.
chamomile decoction
A decoction of chamomile can be used in almost unlimited quantities. It does not have a direct anthelmintic effect, however, it promotes the healing of microcracks in the intestinal mucosa, which are formed as a result of the activity of helminths.
In addition, chamomile contains a large number of vitamins, natural immunostimulants and other beneficial substances.
Garlic
Garlic is one of the best anthelmintic plants. You can use it in its pure form, as well as mixed with milk. The mixture is prepared by squeezing 10-12 drops of garlic juice in a glass of warm boiled milk. It is necessary to drink garlic milk in the morning, on an empty stomach, for 1-2 weeks. In the future, to prevent re-invasion and improve immunity, garlic is recommended.
Hemp and flaxseed oil
Hemp, flaxseed, sea buckthorn, cedar and other oils also have anthelmintic action.
When we eliminate worms with folk remedies, the oil should be given 1 teaspoon twice a day, preferably on an empty stomach, shortly before meals. A relative contraindication to the use of this method is severe dyspepsia, accompanied by profuse diarrhea. Before starting oil treatment, fixing agents should be taken.
tansy
Tansy is one of the most popular anthelmintic drugs recognized by both folk and traditional medicine.
For the treatment of helminth infection, the plant can be consumed in powder form (orally, 0. 7-1 g 1 time a day for a week) or in the form of an aqueous decoction. In addition, the inflorescences are part of many complex remedies (troychatka).
Tansy is strictly contraindicated for pregnant women and children under 12 years of age.
Troychatka
The composition of the so-called "troychatka" includes 1 g of tansy, 0. 5 g of cloves and 0. 3 g of wormwood. All components are ground to a powdery state and mixed. It is allowed to use the mixture inside in its pure form. In this case, the dose of the drug should be increased gradually, starting from the middle from 0. 7 to 0. 8 grams per day. For ease of use, herbs can be mixed with food. The composition is taken for several months.
Sagebrush
Wormwood in the treatment of helminthiases in adults is often used in the form of alcohol tincture. To do this, the dry grass is crushed, the required amount of powder is measured out and poured with vodka in a ratio of 1: 3. The tincture is ready for use in 2-3 weeks. It is necessary to take 30-50 grams on an empty stomach, twice a day.
In childhood, wormwood tincture is replaced with infusion, where pure drinking water is used instead of alcohol. The frequency and duration of reception does not change.
Worm Enema Recipes
Enemas for helminthiasis can eliminate parasites that have migrated to the rectum to reproduce. Garlic, soda and tansy enemas are used.
garlic enema
To prepare an enema, a decoction of garlic is used. Several cloves of the plant are poured with water and boiled for 2-3 minutes. After that, the garlic pulp is removed, the broth is cooled, filtered, and then injected into the rectum with a syringe.
Garlic enemas are not given to children under 3 years of age. Also, this type of treatment is useless for tissue parasites, tapeworms, located in the liver ducts, tapeworms. The procedure is carried out before bedtime. Preliminarily it is recommended to put a cleansing enema.
soda enema
The solution is prepared from a glass of water and 0. 5 teaspoon of baking soda. The powder is dissolved and boiled for five minutes. After the solution cools, it is filtered and injected into the rectum at bedtime.
There are no age restrictions here. To place an enema for very young children, its volume must be compared with the size of the child's body. The course of treatment consists of 6-7 procedures.
enema with tansy
The solution is prepared from crushed tansy inflorescences. To do this, pour 2-3 tablespoons of powder with a glass of boiling water and insist for half an hour. The solution is then filtered through gauze and injected into the rectum. The course of treatment is 1-2 weeks.
Enema with tansy is contraindicated for children under 14 years of age!
Prevention
The basis for worm prevention is clean hands. Therefore, a child, like an adult, must observe the basic rules of personal hygiene.
The second main principle of prevention is the annual medical examination with a mandatory examination of feces for the presence of helminth eggs. Preventive treatment courses are recommended only in the absence of contraindications and with the use of low-toxicity agents. Otherwise, highly toxic drugs will do more harm than good.